Because the joystick is moved, the potentiometers’ resistance modifications, leading to various voltage concentrations that could be read through by a microcontroller or other processing unit. Take note that this example assumes that you are making use of an Arduino-appropriate board that supports the Joystick library, such as the Arduino https://remingtonpfteq.dm-blog.com/38110373/5-easy-facts-about-diy-arcade-parts-described