" I also recognized which i could not redirect STDERR with no also redirecting STDOUT. The answer where programA sends STDOUT to STDIN of programB, then redirects STDERR into a log file: programA two> /var/log/programA.log and selected to utilize /boot/grub2/ as their GRUB prefix instead of the de-facto /boot/grub/ (and https://fredf455jea1.blog2freedom.com/profile